数字配流与调速式液压马达的建模与实现

研究了一种采用高速电磁开关阀组实现配流与调速的新型液压马达.介绍了液压马达的工作机理及结构特点;建立数学模型,并对液压马达不同负载下的调速特性和换向特性进行了仿真.结果表明,新型液压马达不仅可以通过改变高速电磁开关阀控制信号占空比来调节液压马达的转速,而且可以通过切换配流状态表实现换向.最后,通过新型液压马达样机上的实验研究,证明了该新型液压马达数学模型是合理和有效的.     

先进高强度双相钢汽车板剪切断裂实验

通过翻边实验和槽型件实验,研究了先进高强度双相(DP)钢在小半径拉弯成形中的断裂特性.翻边实验表明,高强度DP钢强度级别越高越容易发生剪切断裂.槽型件实验与仿真表明,高强度DP钢的断裂特性与压边力大小关系密切,压边力大则弯曲圆角处容易发生剪切断裂;压边力小则易在侧壁上发生颈缩断裂.先进高强度DP钢最终的断裂模式是剪切断裂和颈缩断裂相互竞争的结果,任一断裂条件先达到则板料发生该种断裂.     

民事审判事实认定中经验法则的运用初探

民事审判以事实为根据包括三类事实:当事人无需举证证明的事实;需要当事人举证证明达到事实清楚或者高度盖然性的事实;介于两者之间的需要当事人举出一定的证据但又达不到高度盖然性的标准根据经验法则可以认定的事实。民事审判中运用经验法则认定事实容易造成对案件事实的误认且比较混乱。正确运用经验法则认定案件事实需要立法和司法解释,也需要进行广泛宣传达成共识。     

江西省产业结构与就业结构的协调性分析

本文通过对江西省三次产业的产值及就业比重的变化趋势、就业吸纳弹性、结构偏离度的考察和分析,以此来研究江西省产业结构与就业结构的协调性问题。研究发现:随着经济的发展,江西省产业结构与就业结构的变化趋势基本符合配第—克拉克定理;但是,其就业结构的调整严重滞后于产业结构的优化和升级,第三产业也未能充分发挥其吸纳劳动力就业的作用,三次产业的比较劳动生产率还存在着较大的差异。     

某工程基础沉降事故原因分析及处理

通过对某工程的基础沉降进行加固及纠偏工程实例,具体阐述高压旋喷桩技术在复杂地层、环境中的应用,并通过该工程对高压旋喷桩技术的设备、施工工艺改进的参数取值及成功应用.为进一步扩大高压旋喷桩技术推广应用提供技术依据.     

高海拔地区室内富氧浓度安全试验研究

室内富氧可以改善人在高海拔地区的缺氧状况,同时也会带来火灾危险,室内富氧的安全控制已成为重要的研究课题.文章对高海拔地区室内环境富氧条件下滤纸的燃烧速度和安全富氧浓度上限进行了试验研究,并对高海拔地区的富氧安全问题进行了分析.结果表明,在不同海拔地区,室内环境维持相同的氧分压时,滤纸的燃烧速度会随着海拔的升高而显著增加,如果不考虑当地的海拔高度而只以氧分压作为参考会带来火灾危险,但存在富氧的安全氧浓度上限,该氧浓度上限值与环境压力的关系为Y=27.91×exp(-P/44.78)+20.09;海拔不同,富氧到安全氧浓度上限时所对应的相当海拔也不同,该相当海拔与实际海拔的关系为H’=-0.68841+0.63893H+0.0048H2;在海拔高度低于5.55km的地区,通过对室内环境富氧可以安全地将相当海拔降低到3km以下.     

中学化学探究教学中“问题”的设计

开展探究教学是新课程改革的基本理念之一.以实验为基础的物理、化学、生物等学科,开展实验探究教学是实现探究教学理念的一种主要形式,而探究问题的设计是开展实验探究教学的核心要素.本文针对中学化学探究教学中问题的设计结合具体的案例进行了探讨:问题可来源于多种渠道;问题的提出要基于一定的情境;应提出具有探究价值的问题;提出的问题应具有一定的开放性.     

基于承载因子理论的高转速齿轮润滑特性分析

考虑轮齿在啮合过程中温升及轮齿表面粗糙度的影响,应用Johnson的承载因子理论分析了渐开线圆柱齿轮在高速运动时,不同载荷下其承载油膜的膜厚、剪应力以及摩擦因数沿啮合方向的分布情况,并对比分析了粗糙度对上述参数产生的影响.数值结果表明:齿轮在高速运转时,仍不可避免有粗糙峰的接触;温升明显使膜厚减小,并且沿啮合线这种差别逐渐增加;剪切应力在单双齿啮合区的交替点发生突变,摩擦因数有阶跃变化.啮合节点处剪切应力骤降为0,摩擦因数在此处有波动.     

A high-resolution environmental change record since 19 cal ka BP in Pumoyum Co,southern Tibet

A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS ¹⁴C chronological method. The ¹⁴C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using ²¹⁰Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.     

The occurrence and significance of C25HBI in Cenozoic saline lacustrine source rocks from the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China

The saline lacustrine deposit of the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation is the main source rock for the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China.In this study,abundant highly branched isoprenoids with 25 carbon atoms (C25HBI) were detected in the upper section of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation.C25HBI is a biomarker for diatoms,and can provide information regarding biogeochemical processes during production and preservation of sedimentary organic matter.The carbon isotopic values of C25HBI in these source rocks were in the range of-18‰ to-20‰.The relative enrichment in 13C of C25HBI suggests that these isoprenoids were derived from diatom blooms.In this case,the diatoms used HCO3-as an additional carbon source to dissolved CO2 in water column due to their high biological productivity.Conversely,the diatom blooms indicated an abundant nutrient supply to the environment and high primary productivity.Thus,the occurrence of 13C-enriched C25HBI could be an ideal marker for good source rocks.The decreased concentration of CO2(aq) in the water column induced by diatom blooms can result in an enrichment in 13C of organic matter synthesized by primary producers.This may be a possible reason for the occurrence of 13C-enriched organic matter in the Cenozoic source rocks of the Western Qaidam Basin.Previous studies have shown that the high carbon number n-alkanes sourced from diatoms have no carbon preference.Hence,the sources of n-alkanes in regional source rocks are complex,and should be considered when discussing the sources of organic matter in future studies.